Carcassonne, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a beautifully restored fortified town, particularly famous as a Cathar stronghold during the Albigensian Crusades.
Visitors here cannot fail to be fascinated by the area's history. In the early 13th century the Catholic Pope launched a crusade against the Cathars. Languedoc was targeted as a Cathar stronghold and local people sought sanctuary in the impregnable hilltop fortresses where they endured many months of siege before succumbing. Many of the "heretics" were killed or burnt at the stake and the surrounding region was devastated. The proud ruins of many of these legendary fortresses, such as Quéribus and Peyrepertuse can be seen to this day, offering visitors an intriguing glimpse back in time as well as striking panoramic views of the surrounding countryside.
Carcasonne was lovingly restored in 1853 and today would not look out of place in a fairytale with its drawbridges and pointed towers. The town is actually divided into 2; the walled, medieval heart of the "Cité" and the commercial "Ville Basse" below. Most visitors head straight for the Cité and their first impressions are the splendid double ramparts surrounding the town, interspersed by 53 towers. Within the walls is the Château Comtal, built in the 12th century as home to the Trencavels, vicomtes of Carcassonne. Today there are guided tours and educational activities as well as a permanent exhibition about the restoration of the Cité.
Nearby, in the Place de l'église, is the Basilica of St-Nazaire. Described as "the jewel of the Cité" the cathedral was founded in the 11th century. Originally built in a Romanesque style, the gargoyles and more recent alterations give the building a more Gothic appearance.
A "petit train" regularly departs from the Porte Narbonnaise to give visitors a tour of the turrets and ramparts. And nearby, just outside the city walls is the Museum of the Middle Ages where visitors can enjoy a scale model of the city as well as interactive exhibits.
Source:ezinearticles
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